In addition, patients with anxiety and depression comorbidity tend to have more chronic and recurrent forms of illness that require long-term treatment (Hirschfeld, 2001). The clinical complications of comorbid anxiety and depression include increased risk of suicide, increased risk of psychiatric hospitalization, increased disability, decreased compliance with medical treatments, and significantly higher utilization of medical services (Devane et al., 2005 Hirschfeld, 2001 Katon, 1996 Marcus et al., 1997). The consequences of untreated anxiety and depression have a ripple effect across society and the medical system. As a result, GAD and MDD are one of the most prevalent co-morbidities seen in mental health (Brown et al., 2001 Gao et al., 2013). epidemiological data indicate that 59% of individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) also meet the criteria for major depression disorder (MDD), the most severe sub-type of depressive disorder (Carter et al., 2001). In addition to affecting over 40 million American adults, anxiety disorders are frequently comorbid with other chronic health conditions (Kroenke et al., 2007). adults (18 +) have had an anxiety disorder. The National Institute of Mental Health ( 2017) estimates that 19.1% of U.S. These findings suggest that engaging in HRVB through a discreet wearable device in conjunction with a remote stress management program may be effective for reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression.Īnxiety disorders are one of the most common mental illnesses in America. In addition, participants increased their HRV (RMSSD) by an average of + 11.4 ms after participating in a low dose biofeedback exercise. By the trial’s completion, the group’s mean GAD-2 score dropped to 1.7 (t (13) = 11.0, p < .001) with only 2 of the 14 subjects remaining over the clinical threshold of high anxiety. Participants’ mean GAD-2 score began at 4.6 out of 6. We collected self-report survey responses to measure symptoms of anxiety (GAD-2) and depression (PHQ-2) every 2 weeks, as well as HRV data throughout the study. During the 8-week study, participants ( N = 14) wore the Lief Smart Patch, participated in HRVB with the device, utilized the mobile app, and communicated with a remote stress management coach. We utilized a discreet, continuously wearable electrocardiogram device, the Lief Smart Patch, which measures and records heart rate and HRV in real time, and guides HRVB exercises using vibrations and visual cues. We assessed the feasibility of using a consumer friendly, heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) wearable device in conjunction with a remote stress management coach to reduce symptoms of anxiety.
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